B2 First FCE listening 5

1. Listen to the recording and choose the correct answer.

What is the primary function of the stress response in humans?

A) To help us relax after a long day. B) To improve our long-term memory. C) To prepare the body to deal with immediate physical danger.

2. Which hormone is predominantly released during a stressful event?

A) Melatonin B) Insulin C) Cortisol

3. What happens to the cardiovascular system during acute stress?

A) Heart rate and blood pressure increase to pump more blood to muscles. B) Blood vessels expand to cool the body down. C) Heart rate decreases to save energy.

4. According to the speaker, how does chronic stress affect the immune system?

A) It has absolutely no effect on immune cells. B) It makes it incredibly strong and resistant. C) It temporarily pauses it, making the body more vulnerable to infections over time.

5. How does chronic stress impact brain function and memory?

A) It expands the brain’s capacity to learn new languages. B) It can shrink the hippocampus, leading to memory and concentration problems. C) It only affects the visual cortex.

6. What physical issue in the gut is often caused by chronic stress?

A) Increased production of healthy stomach acid. B) Changes in gut bacteria and digestion problems, like irritable bowel syndrome. C) Enhanced nutrient absorption.

7. The speaker points out that modern stressors are different because:

A) They are mostly physical predators like lions. B) They only happen once a year. C) They are often psychological and continuous, like work deadlines or financial worries.

8. What does chronic stress do to our eating habits?

A) It often increases cravings for high-calorie, sugary, and fatty comfort foods. B) It makes us completely lose our appetite permanently. C) It encourages us to eat more green vegetables.

9. What is a recommended strategy to manage and reduce the effects of stress?

A) Drinking large amounts of coffee to stay alert. B) Ignoring the problem and working harder. C) Regular physical exercise and mindfulness practices.

10. The speaker’s main conclusion is that:

A) All stress is bad and must be completely eliminated. B) Short-term stress is normal, but managing chronic stress is vital for long-term health. C) Stress is just an illusion and doesn’t affect the physical body.

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